March 1rst
Soviet spacecraft reaches Venus surface
04h09m12s Europa occults Io annularly: Begin of occultation Altitude=18.8° Azimuth=274.1° Duration: 6.2 minutes, magnitude drop: 0.6 mag
March 1rst 05h00 Begin astronomical twilight, 05h20 Twlight Sun 15° below horizon; 05h40 Dawn; 06h00 Sun 9° below horizon; 06h20 Begin civil twilight; 06h550 Sun Rise Azimuth=101.7°, ESE
17h44 Sun Set Azimuth=258.6°, WSW
06h12 Mercury Rise Azimuth=118.9°, ESE
17.7h Venus Magnitude=-3.9mag Best seen from 17.7h -20.5h (htop=24° at WSW at 17.7h) (in constellation Pisces)
18.0h Jupiter Magnitude=-2.5mag Best seen from 18.0h - 6.3h (htop=54° at S at 22.7h) (in constellation Cancer)
18h19m Twilight End civil twilight
18.3h Mars Magnitude= 1.3mag Best seen from 18.3h -20.2h (htop=17° at WSW at 18.3h) (in constellation Cetus)
18h39m Twilight Sun 9° below horizon
18h59m Twilight Dusk
19h19m Twilight Sun 15° below horizon
Comet Lovejoy C/2014 Q2' Magnitude= 6.5mag Best seen from 19.3h - 5.3h (htop=53° at WNW at 19.3h) (in constellation Cassiopeia)
19h40m Twilight End astronomical twilight
19h51.9m Jupiter Transit of Great Red Spot Altitude=41.8° Azimuth=121.5°
From March 1st to March 7th, after sunset, Venus and Mars are within 5 degrees. Venus is the brighter "star" while Mars is fainter. Although you will need a small telescope, Uranus is about halfway the two. On March 4th, Uranus and Venus will be onkly 6 arc minutes apart - a distance smaller than the apperant diameter of the Moon.
2nd March
In 1972, U.S. spacecraft Pioneer 10 was launched
In 1969, the Concorde SST Supersonic jet aircraft, prototype 001, made its first flight from Toulouse airport in France
1.5h Saturn Magnitude= 0.5mag Best seen from 1.5h - 6.3h (htop=18° at S at 5.7h) (in constellation Scorpius)
2nd March 18h42m42s Jovian moon mutual pheonomena Ganymed occults Europa partially: Begin of occultation Altitude=32.7° Azimuth=105.3°
3rd March
Will need a telescope but 0h21m Occultation of star by (32484) 2000 TV29 Asteroid (32484) 2000 TV29, 16.2 mag, occults HIP 49558, 8.8 mag Duration: 1.3 seconds. Magnitude drop: 7.4 mag. Visibility: Europe, SE Canada, NE USA; (Source: asteroidoccultation.com)
1h38.9m Jupiter Transit of Great Red Spot Altitude=39.5° Azimuth=243.3°
4h05m06s Jovian moon mutual pheonomena Ganymed occults Io totally: Begin of occultation Altitude=18.2° Azimuth=275°
5.3h Moon Close to Jupiter, -2.5mag, Separation=6.10°, Limb separation=5.88° =11.95 lunar dia., Position angle=17.8°, Azimuth az=289.1°, Altitude h=7.5°, RA= 9h09.5m Dec=+17°23.2', Moon phase=94.3%, Sun elevation hsun=-14.7°
21h30.2m Jupiter Transit of Great Red Spot Altitude=52.6° Azimuth=156.2°
23h00m Occultation of star by (136) Austria Asteroid (136) Austria, 14.3 mag, occults 2UCAC 36066345, 12.4 mag Duration: 3.3 seconds. Magnitude drop: 2.1 mag. Visibility: Europe; (Source: asteroidoccultation.com)
4 March
March 04, 1923 Birth of (Sir) Patrick Alfred Caldwell Moore. Parents Gertrude and Charles Caldwell Moore. Author or co-author of almost 200 books, compose 2 operas and host one of the longest running shows on television The Sky at Night (launch 26 April 1957) without a break. His first book was in 1952. He joined the BAA when he was 11 years old and the RAS in 1946. He observed many solar eclipses. Sir Patrick Moore passed away 09 December 2012, aged 89 years
Knut Johan Ångström Died 4 Mar 1910 at age 53 (born 12 Jan 1857).
2h08m Occultation of star by (639) Latona Asteroid (639) Latona, 13.1 mag, occults TYC 0239-01694-1, 11.5 mag Duration: 6.0 seconds. Magnitude drop: 1.8 mag. Visibility: Europe, N Canada; (Source: asteroidoccultation.com)
4h24m Occultation of star by (51) Nemausa Asteroid (51) Nemausa, 12.0 mag, occults TYC 5655-00366-1, 10.3 mag Duration: 8.1 seconds. Magnitude drop: 1.9 mag. Visibility: Europe; (Source: asteroidoccultation.com)
17h35m36s Iridium 3 Daytime Flare from MMA1 (Right antenna) Magnitude=-6.0mag Azimuth=202.1° SSW altitude= 44.6° in constellation Cetus Flare angle=0.30°Flare center line, closest point ?MapIt: Longitude=1.651°W Latitude=+53.070° (WGS84) Distance=6.0 km Azimuth= 89.2° E Peak Magnitude=-7.1mag Satellite above: longitude=5.1°W latitude=+47.4° height above Earth=784.4 km distance to satellite=1059.9 km Altitude of Sun=+1.6°
19h32m Venus Conjunction in Right Ascension with Uranus: only 5.8' separated from center of Uranus
5 March
In 1936, the Supermarine Spitfire prototype made its maiden flight from Eastleigh aerodrome (now Southampton Airport), England.
In 1616, Copernican theory was declared false and erroneous in The Decree of the Index signed by the Bishop of Albano, Cardinal of St. Cecilia.
In 1223 BC, the oldest recorded eclipse occurred, according to one plausible interpretation of a date inscribed on a clay tablet retrieved from the ancient city of Ugarit, Syria (as it is now).
7h15.9m Moon Apogee (distance moon center to earth center: 406387.6 km; closest point on earth ellipsoid with latitude 5.6° (WGS84), distance to moon center: 400009.7 km, apparent diameter: 29'52.5") This is the 2nd farthest apogee of the year. Former farther apogee was at 24.8.2014. Next farther apogee is at 14.9.2015 (calculated for the closest point on the Earth ellipsoid)
17h11.8m Moon Topocentric Full Moon (Altitude= -6.8°, topocentric diameter: 29.347', topocentric airfree declination: 3.32°, maximum phase: 99.94%)
18h05.4m Moon Full Moon (diameter: 29.3990', declination: +3.907°) This is the smallest full moon of the next 10 years, and the smallest of the year. Former smaller full moon was at 16.1.2014. Next smaller full moon is at 27.1.2032 (calculated for the geocenter)
21h30.2m Jupiter-Moon Io Shadow Begin (I.Sh.I.; 5.4 mag) Altitude=53° Azimuth=159.1°
23h08.6m Jupiter Transit of Great Red Spot Altitude=53.3° Azimuth=199.2°
6 March
Michelangelo's 540th Birthday (1475)
March 06, 1787 Birth of Joseph von Fraunhofer in Straubing, Bavaria. The 11th and youngest child of a poor glazier. He contracted tuberculosis in 1825 and died in Munich on 7 June of the following year. Ref. The Bibliographical Dictionary of Scientists, edited by David Abbott, 1994.
4h50m18s Jovian moon mutual pheonomena Io occults Ganymed annularly: Begin of occultation Altitude=9.7° Azimuth=286.4°
7 March
In 1996, the first surface photos of Pluto were released
In 1979, scientists discovered a ring around Jupiter while examining photographs taken by the Voyager 1 spacecraft.
4h55.6m Jupiter Transit of Great Red Spot Altitude=8.3° Azimuth=288.5°
19.5h Zodiacal Light Good for observation low above the Western horizon
19h31m Twilight Sun 15° below horizon
8 March
2h Begin of Daylight Saving Time (North America), clocks are put one hour in advance.
19.5h Zodiacal Light Good for observation low above the Western horizon
19h35m Occultation of star by (1099) FigneriaAsteroid (1099) Figneria, 15.8 mag, occults TYC 2492-01102-1, 11.3 mag Duration: 2.3 seconds. Magnitude drop: 4.6 mag. Visibility: Japan, China, Russia, Europe; (Source: asteroidoccultation.com)
20h38.3m Jupiter Transit of Great Red Spot Altitude=50.4° Azimuth=145°
22h25m Occultation of star by (76) FreiaAsteroid (76) Freia, 12.3 mag, occults TYC 0259-01427-1, 12.0 mag Duration: 16.9 seconds. Magnitude drop: 0.9 mag. Visibility: Arabia, N Africa, Europe; (Source: asteroidoccultation.com)
9 March
In 1611, Johannes Fabricius, a Dutch astronomer, observed the rising sun through his telescope, and observed several dark spots on it.
March 09, 1611 Johann Fabricius observed sunspots and determined the rotation period of the sun.
1h37m Occultation of star by (1217) Maximiliana Asteroid (1217) Maximiliana, 15.0 mag, occults TYC 0279-00794-1, 10.5 mag Duration: 1.1 seconds. Magnitude drop: 4.5 mag. Visibility: Africa, Europe, NE Canada; (Source: asteroidoccultation.com)
18h50m03s Iridium 30 Flare from MMA1 (Right antenna) Magnitude=-5.6mag Azimuth=158.2° SSE altitude= 58.4° in constellation Gemini Flare angle=0.38°Flare center line, closest point ?MapIt: Longitude=1.833°W Latitude=+53.065° (WGS84) Distance=6.2 km Azimuth=266.0° W Peak Magnitude=-7.5mag Satellite above: longitude=0.4°E latitude=+49.5° height above Earth=785.3 km distance to satellite=903.3 km Altitude of Sun=-8.4°
19.6h Zodiacal Light Good for observation low above the Western horizon
21h30m24s Jovian moon mutual pheonomena Ganymed occults Europa partially: Begin of occultation Altitude=53.9° Azimuth=166°
23h39m00s Jovian moon mutual pheonomena Ganymed's shadow eclipses Europa annularly: Maximum of eclipse Altitude=50° Azimuth=216.5° Duration: 8.2 minutes, magnitude drop: 3.8 mag, distance from center of Jupiter: 4.8 Jovian radi, separation among satellites: 53.7" (Source: Astronomical Almanac Online/Kaare Aksnes, Oslo)
10 March
In 1982, a syzygy occurred when all nine planets aligned on the same side of the Sun. The planets are spread out over 98 degrees on this date. The four major planets, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune, span an arc of some 73 degrees.
0h44m Occultation of star by (727) Nipponia Asteroid (727) Nipponia, 13.4 mag, occults TYC 1408-00360-1, 10.1 mag Duration: 4.1 seconds. Magnitude drop: 3.3 mag. Visibility: Africa, Europe; (Source: asteroidoccultation.com)
2h25.4m Jupiter Transit of Great Red Spot Altitude=28.7° Azimuth=261.3°
18h13m Occultation of star by (81) Terpsichore Asteroid (81) Terpsichore, 13.2 mag, occults TYC 2409-00329-1, 12.0 mag Duration: 8.3 seconds. Magnitude drop: 1.5 mag. Visibility: India, Russia, Europe; (Source: asteroidoccultation.com)
19.6h Zodiacal Light Good for observation low above the Western horizon
20h55m Occultation of star by (656) Beagle Asteroid (656) Beagle, 13.8 mag, occults TYC 0839-01544-1, 12.0 mag Duration: 5.3 seconds. Magnitude drop: 2.0 mag. Visibility: China, Russia, Europe; (Source: asteroidoccultation.com)
22h16.7m Jupiter Transit of Great Red Spot Altitude=54.4° Azimuth=187°
11 March
50th Anniversary (1965), Pioneer 5 Launch (Solar Orbiter)
Urbain-Jean-Joseph Le Verrier born Born 11 Mar 1811; died 23 Sep 1877 at age 66 French astronomer who predicted by mathematical means the existence of the planet Neptune.
4h11.6m Jupiter-Moon Io Transit Begin (I.Tr.I.; 5.4 mag) Altitude=12.3° Azimuth=283.2°
4h56.1m Jupiter-Moon Io Shadow Begin (I.Sh.I.; 5.4 mag) Altitude=5.9° Azimuth=291.8°
5h47m25s ISS Appears 5h43m00s -0.5mag az:198.2° SSW horizon at Meridian 5h45m06s -1.0mag az:180.0° S h:7.2°Culmination 5h47m25s -0.6mag az:141.0° SE h:12.5° distance: 1306.7km height above Earth: 402.6km elevation of Sun: -8° angular velocity: 0.34°/s Disappears 5h51m52s 4.8mag az: 83.9° E horizon
18h08.1m Jupiter Transit of Great Red Spot Altitude=33.7° Azimuth=106.2°
19h20m27s Jovian moon mutual pheonomena Europa occults Io partially: Maximum of occultation Altitude=43.4° Duration: 5.6 minutes, magnitude drop: 0.5 mag, distance from center of Jupiter: 5.2 Jovian radi, separation among satellites: 0.2" (Source: Astronomical Almanac Online/Kaare Aksnes, Oslo)
19h23m18s Jovian moon mutual pheonomena Europa occults Io partially: End of occultation Altitude=43.7° Azimuth=125.1°
19.6h Zodiacal Light Good for observation low above the Western horizon
19h53m Mars Conjunction in Right Ascension with Uranus: only 17.3' separated from center of Uranus
20h29m30s Jovian moon mutual pheonomena Europa's shadow eclipses Io partially: Begin of penumbral eclipse Altitude=50.7° Azimuth=146.1°
20h32m42s Jovian moon mutual pheonomena Europa's shadow eclipses Io partially: Maximum of eclipse Altitude=51° Azimuth=147.3° Duration: 6.3 minutes, magnitude drop: 0.7 mag, distance from center of Jupiter: 4.6 Jovian radi, separation among satellites: 27.2" (Source: Astronomical Almanac Online/Kaare Aksnes, Oslo)
20h35m54s Jovian moon mutual pheonomena Europa's shadow eclipses Io partially: End of eclipse Altitude=51.2° Azimuth=148.4°
20h37m14s Metop B Flare from left forward looking ASCAT Magnitude=-4.3mag Azimuth=117.3° ESE altitude= 65.1° in constellation Leo Minor Flare angle=0.71°Flare center line, closest point ?MapIt: Longitude=1.575°W Latitude=+53.099° (WGS84) Distance=11.6 km Azimuth= 72.8° ENE Peak Magnitude=-5.0mag Satellite above: longitude=2.6°E latitude=+51.6° height above Earth=827.6 km distance to satellite=900.9 km Altitude of Sun=-23.2°This is an experimental flare prediction. Brightness estimate may be unreliable. Please report a successful observation (Object/site coordinates/date/measured time/accuracy/magnitude).
12 March
Simon Newcomb's 180th Birthday (1835)
0.3h Gegenschein Faint glowing patch of sky relatively good for observation 40° above the Southern horizon (in constellation Leo, 59° above galactic plane)
1h06m Occultation of star by (216) Kleopatra Asteroid (216) Kleopatra, 11.9 mag, occults HIP 54599, 8.1 mag Duration: 8.0 seconds. Magnitude drop: 3.9 mag. Visibility: Arabia, Europe; (Source: asteroidoccultation.com)
4h03.8m Jupiter Transit of Great Red Spot Altitude=12.7° Azimuth=282.7°
5h02m35s Iridium 25 Flare from MMA1 (Right antenna) Magnitude=-6.3mag Azimuth= 13.3° NNE altitude= 28.2° in constellation Cassiopeia Flare angle=0.05°Flare center line, closest point ?MapIt: Longitude=1.762°W Latitude=+53.068° (WGS84) Distance=1.4 km Azimuth=266.7° W Peak Magnitude=-6.5mag Satellite above: longitude=3.3°E latitude=+62.8° height above Earth=787.1 km distance to satellite=1429.9 km Altitude of Sun=-13.8°
5.9h Moon Close to Saturn, 0.4mag, Separation=1.97°, Limb separation=1.71° =3.33 lunar dia., Position angle=140.2°, Azimuth az=193.1°, Altitude h=17.0°, RA=16h13.5m Dec=-19°03.6', Moon phase=65.5%, Sun elevation hsun=-6.0°
19.7h Zodiacal Light Good for observation low above the Western horizon
22h38.2m Jupiter-Moon Io Transit Begin (I.Tr.I.; 5.4 mag) Altitude=53.5° Azimuth=198.8°
23h24.7m Jupiter-Moon Io Shadow Begin (I.Sh.I.; 5.4 mag) Altitude=50.2° Azimuth=216°
23h46.8m Jupiter-Moon Io Inferior Conjunction (I.Cj.I.; 5.4 mag) Altitude=48.1° Azimuth=223.4°
23h55.2m Jupiter Transit of Great Red Spot Altitude=47.2° Azimuth=226.4°
13 March
Friday 13th
Percival Lowell's 160th Birthday (1855) American astronomer who predicted the existence of the planet Pluto and initiated the search that ended in its discovery.
In 1930, the discovery of a ninth planet was announced by Clyde W. Tombaugh at Lowell Observatory.
0.3h Gegenschein Faint glowing patch of sky relatively good for observation 40° above the Southern horizon (in constellation Leo, 59° above galactic plane)
5h36m13.14s ISS Close to Moon. Separation=0.803° Position Angle=164.6°, Position angle vertex=166.3°Angular diameter=25.5" size=109.0m x 73.0m x 27.5m Satellite at Azimuth=177.2° S Altitude= 17.4° Distance=1084.7 km Magnitude=-1.9mag In a clock-face concept, the satellite will seem to move toward 9:27 Angular Velocity=21.0'/s Centerline, closest point ?Map: Longitude= 1°21'38"W Latitude=+52°48'25" (WGS84) Distance=38.64 km Azimuth=138.7° SE Path direction= 48.7° NE ground speed=8.364 km/s width=38.3 km max. duration=1.4 s Sun elevation=-8° Elongation from Sun=96°Orbit source: NASA predicted orbit
5h37m22s ISS Appears 5h33m01s -0.9mag az:212.8° SSW h:2.2°at Meridian 5h36m05s -1.9mag az:180.0° S h:16.7°Culmination 5h37m22s -1.6mag az:148.0° SSE h:20.7°distance: 968.2km height above Earth: 402.8km elevation of Sun: -8° angular velocity: 0.45°/s Disappears 5h42m15s 4.6mag az: 80.9° E horizon
9h52.1m Moon Max. Libration West: Crater Grimaldi is tipped into view (Earth's selenographic longitude: -7.798°, latitude: -6.313°) This is the 2nd westernmost total libration of the year. Former more western total libration was at 13.2.2015. Next more western total libration is at 20.5.2017 (calculated for the geocenter)
17h47.9m Moon Last Quarter (diameter: 31.2443', declination: -18.206°) This is the southernmost last quarter moon of the year. Former more southern last quarter moon was at 24.3.2014. Next more southern last quarter moon is at 20.3.2017 (calculated for the geocenter)
18h04.4m Moon Topocentric Last Quarter (Altitude=-55.6°, topocentric diameter: 30.829', topocentric airfree declination: -18.75°)
18h34m Occultation of star by (1384) Kniertje Asteroid (1384) Kniertje, 15.1 mag, occults TYC 0864-00298-1, 11.2 mag Duration: 2.0 seconds. Magnitude drop: 3.9 mag. Visibility: SE Asia, China, Russia, Europe; (Source: asteroidoccultation.com)
19.7h Zodiacal Light Good for observation low above the Western horizon
19h46.6m Jupiter Transit of Great Red Spot Altitude=47.6° Azimuth=134.8°
20h10m29s Iridium 6 Flare from MMA1 (Right antenna) Magnitude=-5.9mag Azimuth=101.7° ESE altitude= 51.4° in constellation Leo Minor Flare angle=0.32°Flare center line, closest point ?MapIt: Longitude=1.846°W Latitude=+53.063° (WGS84) Distance=7.0 km Azimuth=265.0° W Peak Magnitude=-7.3mag Satellite above: longitude=6.0°E latitude=+51.8° height above Earth=786.1 km distance to satellite=972.9 km Altitude of Sun=-19.0°Time uncertainty of about 1.1 seconds
+20h10m40s Iridium 51 Flare from MMA1 (Right antenna) Magnitude=-6.6mag Azimuth=101.5° ESE altitude= 51.2° in constellation Leo Minor Flare angle=0.25° Flare center line, closest point ?MapIt: Longitude=1.822°W Latitude=+53.064° (WGS84) Distance=5.5 km Azimuth=264.9° W Peak Magnitude=-7.3mag Satellite above: longitude=6.0°E latitude=+51.8° height above Earth=786.3 km distance to satellite=974.9 km Altitude of Sun=-19.0° This is a spare satellite or its status is unknown. Brightness estimate may be unreliable and flare time accurate to a few seconds. Time uncertainty of about 1.5 seconds
23h15m54s Jovian moon mutual pheonomena Io's shadow eclipses Ganymed annularly: Begin of penumbral eclipse Altitude=50.6° Azimuth=214.4°
14 March
Giovanni Schiaparelli's 180th Birthday (1835)
March 14, 1879 Birth of Albert Einstein (1879-1955), American theoretical physicist, mainly known for his relativity.
Cassini, Distant Flyby of Helene & Calypso
0.3h Gegenschein Faint glowing patch of sky relatively good for observation 40° above the Southern horizon (in constellation Leo, 59° above galactic plane)
2h59.3m Moon Max. Libration (10.152°) This is the 2nd largest total libration of the year. Former larger total libration was at 18.12.2012. Next larger total libration is at 4.10.2015 (calculated for the geocenter)
4h43m59.90s ISS Crosses the disk of Moon. Separation=0.143° Position Angle=159.1°, Position angle vertex=176.2°. Transit duration=1.31s Angular diameter=22.2" size=109.0m x 73.0m x 27.5m Satellite at Azimuth=152.4° SSE Altitude= 13.6° Distance=1247.6 km Magnitude=-1.4mag In a clock-face concept, the satellite will seem to move toward 9:08 Angular Velocity=20.1'/s Centerline, closest point ?Map: Longitude= 1°37'04"W Latitude=+52°59'27" (WGS84) Distance=11.94 km Azimuth=136.5° SE Path direction= 46.0° NE ground speed=7.675 km/s width=30.2 km max. duration=1.6 s Sun elevation=-16° Elongation from Sun=84°Orbit source: NASA predicted orbit
4h44m29s ISS ?Ground track ?Star chart Appears 4h42m15s -1.4mag az:182.0° S h:8.4° at Meridian 4h42m24s -1.4mag az:180.0° S h:9.0° Culmination 4h44m28s -1.2mag az:142.4° SE h:14.0° distance: 1231.1km height above Earth: 402.7km elevation of Sun: -16° angular velocity: 0.35°/s Disappears 4h49m02s 3.1mag az: 83.1° E horizon
5h42.2m Jupiter Transit of Great Red Spot Altitude=-1.4° Azimuth=303.7°
6h20m19s ISS ?Ground track ?Star chart Appears 6h15m06s -0.9mag az:240.5° WSW horizon at Meridian 6h20m00s -3.2mag az:180.0° S h:41.9° Culmination 6h20m19s -2.9mag az:161.2° SSE h:43.6° distance: 567.0km height above Earth: 403.4km elevation of Sun: -1° angular velocity: 0.78°/s Disappears 6h25m33s 4.0mag az: 81.9° E horizon
18h28m55s Iridium 59 Flare from MMA1 (Right antenna) Magnitude=-7.0mag Azimuth=173.5° S altitude= 59.1° in constellation Gemini Flare angle=0.15°Flare center line, closest point ?MapIt: Longitude=1.776°W Latitude=+53.068° (WGS84) Distance=2.3 km Azimuth=267.0° W Peak Magnitude=-7.5mag Satellite above: longitude=1.1°W latitude=+49.4° height above Earth=785.7 km distance to satellite=898.4 km Altitude of Sun=-3.9°
19h39m Occultation of star by (35) Leukothea Asteroid (35) Leukothea, 13.9 mag, occults TYC 2419-00424-1, 11.4 mag Duration: 9.5 seconds. Magnitude drop: 2.6 mag. Visibility: Arabia, Europe; (Source: asteroidoccultation.com)
19.7h Zodiacal Light Good for observation low above the Western horizon
22h Saturn Stationary: Getting Retrograde (relative to equator)
23h04.5m Jupiter-Moon Europa Transit Begin (II.Tr.I.; 6.0 mag) Altitude=51.2° Azimuth=211.9°
15 March
55th Anniversary (1960), Kitt Peak National Observatory Dedicated
0.3h Gegenschein Faint glowing patch of sky relatively good for observation 39° above the Southern horizon (in constellation Virgo, 60° above galactic plane)
0h43.8m Jupiter-Moon Europa Shadow Begin (II.Sh.I.; 6.0 mag) Altitude=40.3° Azimuth=242.4°
0h46.5m Moon Max. Libration South: South Pole is tipped into view (Earth's selenographic longitude: -7.248°, latitude: -6.802°)
1h31.9m Jupiter-Moon Callisto Transit Begin (IV.Tr.I.; 6.1 mag) Altitude=33.6° Azimuth=254.1° Multi moon and shadow event starts for 26 minutes: 2 moons (Europa, Callisto) and 1 shadow (from Europa) in front of Jupiter. 1h33.6m Jupiter Transit of Great Red Spot Altitude=33.2° Azimuth=254.7°
3h51m38s ISS ?Ground track ?Star chart Appears 3h51m21s -1.0mag az:141.5° SE h:8.6°Culmination 3h51m38s -0.9mag az:137.0° SE h:8.7°distance: 1537.6km height above Earth: 402.4km elevation of Sun: -23° angular velocity: 0.28°/s Disappears 3h55m39s 1.8mag az: 87.4° E horizon
5.1h Moon Earthshine
5h27m17s ISS ?Ground track ?Star chart Appears 5h23m58s -1.6mag az:222.8° SW h:7.9°at Meridian 5h26m39s -2.8mag az:180.0° S h:29.2°Culmination 5h27m17s -2.6mag az:155.3° SSE h:32.0° distance: 709.4km height above Earth: 403.2km elevation of Sun: -9° angular velocity: 0.61°/s Disappears 5h32m24s 4.6mag az: 80.6° E horizon
19.8h Zodiacal Light Good for observation low above the Western horizon
20h01m09s Iridium 4 Flare from MMA1 (Right antenna) Magnitude=-5.3mag Azimuth=106.4° ESE altitude= 54.5° in constellation Leo Minor Flare angle=0.42°Flare center line, closest point ?MapIt: Longitude=1.867°W Latitude=+53.062° (WGS84) Distance=8.5 km Azimuth=265.1° W Peak Magnitude=-7.4mag Satellite above: longitude=5.0°E latitude=+51.6° height above Earth=784.1 km distance to satellite=937.7 km Altitude of Sun=-17.1°Time uncertainty of about 1.4 seconds
21h25.0m Jupiter Transit of Great Red Spot Altitude=54.6° Azimuth=174.5°
22h14m Occultation of star by (324) Bamberga Asteroid (324) Bamberga, 11.9 mag, occults TYC 0831-00491-1, 11.2 mag Duration: 19.8 seconds. Magnitude drop: 1.2 mag. Visibility: Russia, Europe; (Source: asteroidoccultation.com)
22h50m Occultation of star by (364) Isara Asteroid (364) Isara, 13.7 mag, occults TYC 1884-00486-1, 10.6 mag Duration: 2.3 seconds. Magnitude drop: 3.2 mag. Visibility: Europe; (Source: asteroidoccultation.com)
16 March
40th Anniversary (1975), Mariner 10, 3rd Mercury Flyby
Caroline Herschel's 265th Birthday (1750)
Cassini, Titan Flyby
1h33m36s Jovian moon mutual Callisto occults Europa partially: Begin of occultation Altitude=32.7° Azimuth=255.4°
4h34m17s ISS Appears 4h32m58s -2.3mag az:184.1° S h:17.8°at Meridian 4h33m10s -2.3mag az:180.0° S h:18.9° Culmination 4h34m17s -2.1mag az:149.5° SSE h:22.7° distance: 909.0km height above Earth: 403.1km elevation of Sun: -16° angular velocity: 0.47°/s Disappears 4h39m14s 3.0mag az: 80.7° E horizon
5.8h Moon Earthshine
6h10m19s ISS Appears 6h05m34s -1.1mag az:251.4° WSW h:2.3° at Meridian 6h10m13s -3.7mag az:180.0° S h:58.1° Culmination 6h10m19s -3.6mag az:168.7° SSE h:58.6° distance: 467.4km height above Earth: 403.6km elevation of Sun: -2° angular velocity: 0.94°/s Disappears 6h15m36s 5.5mag az: 85.5° E horizon
19.8h Zodiacal Light Good for observation low above the Western horizon
17 March
March 17, 1846 Death of Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel (1784-1846), German astronomer and mathematics. Studied precession, nutation, aberration and inclination of the ecliptic. Known for the Bessel elements needed to calculate solar eclipses.
In 1958, the U.S. launched the Vanguard I satellite, from Cape Canaveral, Florida. The 3-lb satellite was the first to be solar-powered, carried a radio transmitter and orbited every 107.9 minutes.
0.3h Gegenschein Faint glowing patch of sky relatively good for observation 38° above the Southern horizon (in constellation Virgo, 60° above galactic plane)
0h20m48s Jovian moon mutual pheonomena Ganymed occults Europa partially: Begin of occultation Altitude=42.2° Azimuth=238.5°
2h48m36s Jovian moon mutual pheonomena Ganymed's shadow eclipses Europa partially: Begin of penumbral eclipse Altitude=20.9° Azimuth=272°
3h12.1m Jupiter Transit of Great Red Spot Altitude=17.3° Azimuth=276.9°
3h41m54s ISS Appears 3h41m54s -1.4mag az:130.9° SE h:15.0°Disappears 3h45m59s 1.9mag az: 82.3° E horizon Time uncertainty of about 2 seconds
5h17m13s ISS Appears 5h14m30s -2.2mag az:235.2° SW h:13.0° at Meridian 5h16m57s -3.5mag az:180.0° S h:45.3° Culmination 5h17m13s -3.4mag az:162.7° SSE h:46.7° distance: 540.4km height above Earth: 403.6km elevation of Sun: -10° angular velocity: 0.80°/s Disappears 5h22m27s 4.4mag az: 82.4° E horizon Time uncertainty of about 2 seconds
19.8h Zodiacal Light Good for observation low above the Western horizon
23h03.5m Jupiter Transit of Great Red Spot Altitude=50.3° Azimuth=216.4°
23h36m Mercury Conjunction in Right Ascension with Neptune (1.6° separated from center of Neptune)
18 March
35th Anniversary (1980), Soviet Rocket Launch Explosion (48 Dead)
50th Anniversary (1965), 1st Spacewalk, Leonov On Voskhod 2
March 18, 2360 The next total solar eclipse on Everest will be on march 18th 2360 (totality : 94 sec) and the last one occurred on Jan 18th 1898 (65 sec). Everest will experience a 97% eclipse during the total of 2009.
0.3h Gegenschein Faint glowing patch of sky relatively good for observation 38° above the Southern horizon (in constellation Virgo, 60° above galactic plane)
4h24m07s ISS Appears 4h23m22s -3.1mag az:188.1° S h:30.1°at Meridian 4h23m35s -3.2mag az:180.0° S h:32.3°Culmination 4h24m07s -3.0mag az:156.7° SSE h:34.8° distance: 668.2km height above Earth: 403.5km elevation of Sun: -17° angular velocity: 0.64°/s Disappears 4h29m17s 2.8mag az: 80.8° E horizon Time uncertainty of about 3 seconds
4h25m21.40s ISS Close to Altair, Alp Aql (SAO 125122, HIP 97649 HD187642), Magnitude=0.8mag. Separation=1.306° Position Angle=173.4°, Position angle vertex=207.9° Angular diameter=32.4" size=109.0m x 73.0m x 27.5m Satellite at Azimuth=112.0° ESE Altitude= 24.9° Distance=853.3 km Magnitude=-1.6mag In a clock-face concept, the satellite will seem to move toward 8:04 Angular Velocity=23.7'/s Centerline, closest point ?Map: Longitude= 1°36'07"W Latitude=+52°48'06" (WGS84) Distance=31.09 km Azimuth=162.6° SSE Path direction= 72.6° ENE ground speed=8.272 km/s Sun elevation=-17° Elongation from Sun=60° Time uncertainty of about 3.5 seconds Orbit source: NASA predicted orbit
4h32m Occultation of star by (166) Rhodope Asteroid (166) Rhodope, 14.3 mag, occults UCAC4-525-053911, 12.2 mag Duration: 4.4 seconds. Magnitude drop: 2.2 mag. Visibility: Europe; (Source: asteroidoccultation.com)
5.7h Moon Lunar Crescent visible, 51.3 hours before new moon Elongation: 30.4°, 7.1% illuminated, Position angle of crescent (from Zenith to East): 109° - crescent points to the lower left, Width of the crescent: 2.30', Length of the crescent: 153°, Moon rises at 5h06m, 70 minutes before the Sun The Yallop (1998) criteria additionally states for this event with q=+1.165
6h00m19s ISS Appears 5h55m57s -1.3mag az:260.9° W h:4.1°at Meridian 6h00m17s -3.9mag az:180.0° S h:68.2° Culmination 6h00m19s -3.9mag az:176.4° S h:68.3°distance: 432.2km height above Earth: 403.7km elevation of Sun: -3° angular velocity: Disappears 6h05m36s 6.5mag az: 91.2° E horizon Time uncertainty of about 4 seconds
6h Sun Equilux - equal length of day and night for this site (local spring)
6h15.3m Sun Rise Azimuth= 90.7°, E
8h23m Mercury (-0.3 mag) Close to Neptune: 1.5° separated from center of Neptune, brightness: 8.0 mag; Sun elongation=19.4° West (morning)
18h54.9m Jupiter Transit of Great Red Spot Altitude=44.2° Azimuth=125.6°
19h49m20s Iridium 61 Flare from MMA1 (Right antenna) Magnitude=-5.3mag Azimuth=110.9° ESE altitude= 56.9° in constellation Leo Minor Flare angle=0.42°Flare center line, closest point ?MapIt: Longitude=1.627°W Latitude=+53.074° (WGS84) Distance=7.6 km Azimuth= 85.2° E Peak Magnitude=-7.4mag Satellite above: longitude=4.3°E latitude=+51.5° height above Earth=786.5 km distance to satellite=917.3 km Altitude of Sun=-14.6°Time uncertainty of about 2.3 seconds
19.9h Zodiacal Light Good for observation low above the Western horizon
21h24m24s Jovian moon mutual pheonomena Europa occults Io partially: Begin of occultation Altitude=54.7° Azimuth=179.1°
22h47m30s Jovian moon mutual pheonomena Europa's shadow eclipses Io partially: Begin of penumbral eclipse Altitude=51.3° Azimuth=211.9°
19 March
100th Anniversary (1915), Pluto Photographed By Lowell Observatory (Pre-Discovery Image)
In 1958, Britain's first planetarium, the London Planetarium, opened in the west wing of Madame Tussaud's.
0.2h Gegenschein Faint glowing patch of sky relatively good for observation 38° above the Southern horizon (in constellation Virgo, 60° above galactic plane)
2h37m12s Iridium 18 Flare from MMA2 (Left antenna) Magnitude=-4.6mag Azimuth=316.4° NW altitude= 6.3° in constellation Auriga Flare angle=0.17° Flare center line, closest point ?MapIt: Longitude=1.481°W Latitude=+53.156° (WGS84) Distance=19.9 km Azimuth= 60.7° ENE Peak Magnitude=-5.1mag Satellite above: longitude=38.1°W latitude=+64.9° height above Earth=788.9 km distance to satellite=2654.8 km Altitude of Sun=-29.9° Time uncertainty of about 2.5 seconds
3h32m11s ISS Appears 3h32m11s -1.7mag az:118.5° ESE h:20.4° Disappears 3h36m05s 1.8mag az: 80.5° E horizon Time uncertainty of about 5 seconds
4h04m00s Iridium 22 Flare from MMA1 (Right antenna) Magnitude=-4.2mag Azimuth= 14.7° NNE altitude= 10.9° in constellation Andromeda Flare angle=0.30°Flare center line, closest point ?MapIt: Longitude=1.327°W Latitude=+53.117° (WGS84) Distance=28.1 km Azimuth= 78.8° E Peak Magnitude=-5.5mag Satellite above: longitude=11.6°E latitude=+69.8° height above Earth=788.8 km distance to satellite=2283.1 km Altitude of Sun=-19.6°
4h50.7m Jupiter Transit of Great Red Spot Altitude=2.3° Azimuth=297.6°
5h07m09s ISS Appears 5h04m46s -2.5mag az:248.0° WSW h:16.7°at Meridian 5h07m03s -4.0mag az:180.0° S h:60.8°Culmination 5h07m09s -3.9mag az:170.2° S h:61.2°distance: 456.5km height above Earth: 403.8km elevation of Sun: -11° angular velocity: 0.95°/s Disappears 5h12m26s 3.7mag az: 86.5° E horizon Time uncertainty of about 6 seconds
5.9h Moon Lunar Crescent probably visible with optical aid, only 27.4 hours before new moon Elongation: 16.2°, 2.1% illuminated, Position angle of crescent (from Zenith to East): 109.2° - crescent points to the lower left, Width of the crescent: 0.66', Length of the crescent: 76°, Moon lower limb relative to sunrise point at sunrise: dalt=4.4° daz=15.2° (i.e. westward), Altitude of moon center at listed time: 2.3°, Azimuth: 102.1°/ESE, Altitude of Sun: -3.2°, Moon rises at 5h37m, 36 minutes before the Sun The Yallop (1998) criteria additionally states for this event with q=-0.141: Telescope required to find crescent - please send us observation report!
6h12.9m Sun Rise Azimuth= 90.0°, E
19h31.8m Moon Perigee (distance moon center to earth center: 357579.0 km; closest point on earth ellipsoid with latitude -2.2° (WGS84), distance to moon center: 351200.9 km, apparent diameter: 34'01.6")
19.9h Zodiacal Light Good for observation low above the Western horizon
20 March
Sir Isaac Newton Died 20 Mar 1727 at age 84 (born 25 Dec 1642
In 1916, Albert Einstein's Theory of General Relativity was published as an academic paper in Annalen der Physik 49, 769, titled “Die Grundlagen der allgemeinen Relativitästheorie.”
0.2h Gegenschein Faint glowing patch of sky relatively good for observation 37° above the Southern horizon (in constellation Virgo, 60° above galactic plane)
0h25.3m Jupiter-Moon Io Transit Begin (I.Tr.I.; 5.5 mag) Altitude=40° Azimuth=243.1°
0h42.1m Jupiter Transit of Great Red Spot Altitude=37.6° Azimuth=247.6°
1h19.3m Jupiter-Moon Io Shadow Begin (I.Sh.I.; 5.5 mag) Altitude=32.4° Azimuth=256°
4h13m Twilight Begin astronomical twilight
4h13m59s ISS Appears 4h13m33s -3.8mag az:194.4° SSW h:45.4° at Meridian 4h13m46s -3.8mag az:180.0° S h:48.7° Culmination 4h13m59s -3.7mag az:164.2° SSE h:49.8° distance: 517.7km height above Earth: 403.9km elevation of Sun: -18° angular velocity: 0.83°/s Disappears 4h19m15s 2.5mag az: 83.1° E horizon Time uncertainty of about 8 seconds
4h55m Twilight Dawn
5h16m Twilight Sun 9° below horizon
5h36m Twilight Begin civil twilight
5h50m16s ISS Appears 5h46m08s -1.4mag az:268.3° W h:5.1°Culmination 5h50m16s -3.9mag az:184.1° S h:68.0° distance: 433.0km height above Earth: 403.7km elevation of Sun: -4° angular velocity: 1.01°/s at Meridian 5h50m17s -3.9mag az:180.0° S h:67.9° Disappears 5h55m33s 3.8mag az: 98.9° E horizon Time uncertainty of about 8 seconds
6h06.4m Moon Rise Azimuth= 90.3°, E (in constellation Pisces)
6h10.5m Sun Rise Azimuth= 89.3°, E
7h40m53s Total Solar Eclipse Solar Eclipse begins Contact at 23°13.5'W 20°11.4'N
8h26m17.4s Solar Eclipse Partial Solar Eclipse begins Position angle=255.5°, Position angle vertex=287.9°, Altitude=18.9°, Azimuth=117.5° ESE
9h09m29s Total Solar Eclipse Umbra eclipse begins Contact at 45°11.1'W 51°56.5'N
9h31m51.3s Solar Eclipse ?graphical chart Maximum eclipse: Partial Solar Eclipse, Saros-Number: 120 Magnitude=89.723%, Obscuration=88.130% Separation=244.35", Position angle=337.6°, Position angle vertex=3.8°, Altitude=26.9°, Azimuth=133.0° SE, Duration of eclipse=2h15m, ET-UT=67.7sec ?Load path of the Total Solar Eclipse into Google Map/Earth
9h31.9m Moon Topocentric New Moon (Altitude=+27.0°, topocentric diameter: 33.652', topocentric airfree declination: -0.16°, minimum phase: 0.00%)
9h36.2m Moon New Moon (diameter: 33.3752', declination: +0.671°) This is the 2nd nearest new moon of the year. Former closer new moon was at 18.2.2015. Next closer new moon is at 7.4.2016 (calculated for the geocenter)
9h45m39.2s Total Solar Eclipse Greatest Solar Eclipse: total, Saros-Number: 120, Gamma: 0.9454 At 6°38.8'W 64°25.9'N, alt=18.6°, Width=471.6km, Duration= 2m50.1s, Magnitude=104.5%, Obscuration=100.0%, ET-UT=67.7sec ?Load path of the Total Solar Eclipse into Google Map/Earth
10h21m26s Total Solar Eclipse Umbra eclipse ends Contact at 111°20.7'E 87°43.9'N
10h41m16.9s Solar Eclipse Partial Solar Eclipse ends Position angle=59.9°, Position angle vertex=76.5°, Altitude=33.3°, Azimuth=151.7° SSE
11h50m13s Total Solar Eclipse Solar Eclipse ends Contact at 94°03.8'E 56°02.6'N
March 20th - around 09:30 UT: A partial eclipse of the Sun will, if clear, be seen across the whole of the UK. Do not attempt to view the Sun directly even when largely eclipsed - you could do irreparable damage to your eyes.
18h19.6m Sun Set Azimuth=271.0°, W
19.9h Zodiacal Light Good for observation low above the Western horizon
20h33.5m Jupiter Transit of Great Red Spot Altitude=53.8° Azimuth=162.1°
22h45.2m Sun March Equinox
21 March
50th Anniversary (1965), Ranger 9 Launch (Moon Impact Mission)
In 1684, Giovanni Domenico Cassini discovered* two moons of Saturn: Tethys and Dione, using a refractor telescope with an aperture of 108mm.
0.2h Gegenschein Faint glowing patch of sky relatively good for observation 37° above the Southern horizon (in constellation Virgo, 60° above galactic plane)
1h57m Occultation of star by (2413) van de Hulst Asteroid (2413) van de Hulst, 15.8 mag, occults HIP 53133, 9.1 mag Duration: 1.3 seconds. Magnitude drop: 6.7 mag. Visibility: Europe; (Source: asteroidoccultation.com)
3h22m18s ISS Appears 3h22m18s -1.8mag az:106.4° ESE h:23.7° Disappears 3h26m02s 1.6mag az: 81.0° E horizon Time uncertainty of about 11 seconds
3h22m42.27s ISS Close to Altair, Alp Aql (SAO 125122, HIP 97649 HD187642), Magnitude=0.8mag. Separation=0.761° Position Angle=0.4°, Position angle vertex=37.1° Angular diameter=27.2" size=109.0m x 73.0m x 27.5m Satellite at Azimuth= 99.8° E Altitude= 19.3° Distance=1016.2 km Magnitude=-1.3mag In a clock-face concept, the satellite will seem to move toward 7:45 Angular Velocity=16.2'/s Centerline, closest point ?Map: Longitude= 1°48'47"W Latitude=+53°15'15" (WGS84) Distance=21.16 km Azimuth=346.8° NNW Path direction= 76.7° ENE ground speed=9.796 km/s Sun elevation=-24° Elongation from Sun=63°Time uncertainty of about 11 seconds Orbit source: NASA predicted orbit
4h16m Occultation of star by (670) Ottegebe Asteroid (670) Ottegebe, 14.9 mag, occults TYC 5623-00091-1, 11.2 mag Duration: 8.2 seconds. Magnitude drop: 3.7 mag. Visibility: W Africa, Europe; (Source: asteroidoccultation.com)
4h57m04s ISS Appears 4h54m52s -2.7mag az:258.5° WSW h:18.9° at Meridian 4h57m03s -4.1mag az:180.0° S h:69.1° Culmination 4h57m04s -4.1mag az:177.9° S h:69.1° distance: 430.3km height above Earth: 403.9km elevation of Sun: -11° angular velocity: 1.00°/s Disappears 5h02m21s 2.8mag az: 92.5° E horizon Time uncertainty of about 11 seconds
5h11m Occultation of star by (783) Nora Asteroid (783) Nora, 15.1 mag, occults TYC 5720-00291-1, 11.2 mag Duration: 1.3 seconds. Magnitude drop: 3.9 mag. Visibility: Europe; (Source: asteroidoccultation.com)
19.1h Moon Lunar Crescent visible, 33.5 hours after new moon Elongation: 18.8°, 2.9% illuminated, Position angle of crescent (from Zenith to East): 214.8° - crescent points to the lower right, Width of the crescent: 0.89', Length of the crescent: 150°, Moon lower limb relative to sunset point at sunset: dalt=14.1° daz=-10.5° (i.e. eastward), Altitude of moon center at listed time: 7.7°, Azimuth: 270.5°/W, Altitude of Sun: -7.9°, Moon sets at 20h08m, 107 minutes after the Sun The Yallop (1998) criteria additionally states for this event with q=+1.020
19h28m Occultation of star by (1108) Demeter Asteroid (1108) Demeter, 16.9 mag, occults TYC 6017-00363-1, 9.2 mag Duration: 2.4 seconds. Magnitude drop: 7.7 mag. Visibility: Africa, Europe; (Source: asteroidoccultation.com)
19.7h Moon Close to Mars, 1.3mag, Separation=2.99°, Limb separation=2.73° =4.94 lunar dia., Position angle=43.2°, Azimuth az=276.3°, Altitude h=6.1°, RA= 1h24.2m Dec= +8°34.9', Moon phase=3.0%, Sun elevation hsun=-12.6°
March 21st: Mars and a very thin waxing crescent Moon a low western horizon on the evening after sunset.
19h48.0m Jupiter-Moon Io Shadow Begin (I.Sh.I.; 5.5 mag) Altitude=51° Azimuth=146.2°
22 March
0.2h Gegenschein Faint glowing patch of sky relatively good for observation 37° above the Southern horizon (in constellation Virgo, 60° above galactic plane)
1h26.7m Jupiter-Moon Europa Transit Begin (II.Tr.I.; 6.1 mag) Altitude=30.1° Azimuth=259.5°
2h20.6m Jupiter Transit of Great Red Spot Altitude=22° Azimuth=270.9°
2h31m01s ISS Appears 2h31m01s -0.2mag az: 88.9° E h:7.6° Disappears 2h32m48s 1.0mag az: 80.4° E horizon Time uncertainty of about 14 seconds
3h20.5m Jupiter-Moon Europa Shadow Begin (II.Sh.I.; 6.1 mag) Altitude=13.1° Azimuth=282.4°
4h03m51s ISS Appears 4h03m36s -4.2mag az:200.6° SSW h:60.2°at Meridian 4h03m47s -4.2mag az:180.0° S h:63.2°Culmination 4h03m51s -4.1mag az:171.8° S h:63.5°distance: 448.1km height above Earth: 404.2km elevation of Sun: -18° angular velocity: 0.95°/s Disappears 4h09m09s 2.0mag az: 87.5° E horizon Time uncertainty of about 14 seconds
5h40m08s ISS Appears 5h36m11s -1.5mag az:272.9° W h:5.8°Culmination 5h40m08s -3.9mag az:191.7° SSW h:57.9°distance: 470.7km height above Earth: 403.5km elevation of Sun: -5° angular velocity: 0.92°/s at Meridian 5h40m15s -3.8mag az:180.0° S h:57.3° Disappears 5h45m24s 2.4mag az:108.6° ESE horizon Time uncertainty of about 15 seconds
19.7h Moon Earthshine
21.0h Moon Close to Venus, -4.0mag, Separation=3.48°, Limb separation=3.21° =5.90 lunar dia., Position angle=359.7°, Azimuth az=285.5°, Altitude h=6.1°, RA= 2h16.4m Dec=+14°04.3', Moon phase=8.8%, Sun elevation hsun=-22.7°
March 22nd: Venus and a thin waxing crescent Moon at a low western horizon on the evening after sunset
22h12.1m Jupiter Transit of Great Red Spot Altitude=52.7° Azimuth=205.3°
23 March
50th Anniversary (1965), Gemini 3 Launch (Virgil Grissom, John Young)
In 2001, the Russian space station, Mir, ended 15 years in orbit by burning up in Earth's atmosphere as the way chosen to end its life. Mir, launched in 1986, had far exceeded its original planned five year lifespan.
In 1840, Englishman John William Draper took the first successful photo of the Moon. He made a daguerreotype, a precursor of the modern photograph
0.2h Gegenschein Faint glowing patch of sky relatively good for observation 36° above the Southern horizon (in constellation Virgo, 60° above galactic plane)
3h12m19s ISS Appears 3h12m19s -1.8mag az: 98.1° E h:24.2°Disappears 3h15m55s 1.4mag az: 83.8° E horizon Time uncertainty of about 18 seconds
4h46m56s ISS Appears 4h44m54s -2.8mag az:264.3° W h:20.6°Culmination 4h46m56s -4.1mag az:185.6° S h:66.7°distance: 437.1km height above Earth: 403.9km elevation of Sun: -12° angular velocity: 0.98°/s at Meridian 4h46m58s -4.1mag az:180.0° S h:66.6°Disappears 4h52m13s 2.0mag az:100.6° E horizon Time uncertainty of about 18 seconds
18h03.5m Jupiter Transit of Great Red Spot Altitude=40.3° Azimuth=117.2°
19h36.9m Jupiter-Moon Europa Occultation Disappearance (II.Oc.D.; 6.1 mag) Altitude=50.7° Azimuth=145.2°
19.7h Moon Earthshine
24 March
85th Anniversary (1930), Pluto is Officially Named
0h09m54s Jovian moon mutual pheonomena Ganymed occults Callisto partially: Begin of occultation Altitude=39.9° Azimuth=243.5°
0.2h Gegenschein Faint glowing patch of sky relatively good for observation 36° above the Southern horizon (in constellation Virgo, 60° above galactic plane)
3h53m41s ISS Appears 3h53m37s -4.3mag az:191.0° S h:69.1° at Meridian 3h53m41s -4.3mag az:180.0° S h:69.5° Culmination 3h53m41s -4.2mag az:179.4° S h:69.5° distance: 429.6km height above Earth: 404.3km elevation of Sun: -19° angular velocity: 0.99°/s Disappears 3h58m59s 1.5mag az: 94.0° E horizon Time uncertainty of about 23 seconds
3h59.2m Jupiter Transit of Great Red Spot Altitude=6.4° Azimuth=291.7°
5h29m56s ISS Appears 5h26m12s -1.6mag az:274.4° W h:6.6° Culmination 5h29m56s -3.6mag az:199.2° SSW h:42.8° distance: 573.6km height above Earth: 403.2km elevation of Sun: -5° angular velocity: at Meridian 5h30m15s -3.3mag az:180.0° S h:41.1° Disappears 5h35m08s 1.4mag az:120.1° ESE horizon Time uncertainty of about 23 seconds
19.7h Moon Earthshine
20h57m27s Iridium 12 Flare from MMA1 (Right antenna) Magnitude=-6.1mag Azimuth= 73.0° ENE altitude= 41.0° in constellation Canes Venatici Flare angle=0.27° Flare center line, closest point ?MapIt: Longitude=1.864°W Latitude=+53.064° (WGS84) Distance=8.2 km Azimuth=266.5° W Peak Magnitude=-7.0mag Satellite above: longitude=9.5°E latitude=+54.6° height above Earth=787.7 km distance to satellite=1124.2 km Altitude of Sun=-21.9° Time uncertainty of about 4.4 seconds
22h56m Occultation of star by (1021) Flammario Asteroid (1021) Flammario, 14.1 mag, occults TYC 0899-00573-1, 10.8 mag Duration: 6.4 seconds. Magnitude drop: 3.3 mag. Visibility: India, SW Asia, Europe; (Source: asteroidoccultation.com)
23h50.7m Jupiter Transit of Great Red Spot Altitude=41.8° Azimuth=239.8°
25 March
360th Anniversary (1655), Christiaan Huygens' Discovery of Saturn Moon Titan
In 1857, Frederick Laggenheim took the first photograph of a solar eclipse.
Florida Space Day, Tallahassee, Florida
0.2h Gegenschein 3h02m21s ISS Appears 3h02m21s -1.6mag az: 95.8° E h:22.0°Disappears 3h05m44s 1.1mag az: 88.6° E horizon Time uncertainty of about 27 seconds Faint glowing patch of sky relatively good for observation 35° above the Southern horizon (in constellation Virgo, 60° above galactic plane)
4h36m11.25s ISS Close to Arcturus, Alp Boo (SAO 100944, HIP 69673 HD124897), Magnitude=-0.1mag. Separation=1.028° Position Angle=357.7°, Position angle vertex=327.3° Angular diameter=51.5" size=109.0m x 73.0m x 27.5m Satellite at Azimuth=233.5° SW Altitude= 47.2° Distance=536.5 km Magnitude=-4.0mag In a clock-face concept, the satellite will seem to move toward 10:05 Angular Velocity=43.0'/s Centerline, closest point →Map: Longitude= 1°42'15"W Latitude=+53°10'29" (WGS84) Distance=12.03 km Azimuth= 11.6° NNE Path direction=101.6° ESE ground speed=7.558 km/s Sun elevation=-13° Elongation from Sun=144° Time uncertainty of about 27 seconds Orbit source: NASA predicted orbit
4h36m43s ISS →Ground track →Star chart Appears 4h34m56s -2.9mag az:263.5° W h:22.9° Culmination 4h36m43s -4.0mag az:193.2° SSW h:55.1° distance: 484.8km height above Earth: 403.7km elevation of Sun: -13° angular velocity: 0.88°/s at Meridian 4h36m52s -3.9mag az:180.0° S h:54.4°Disappears 4h41m59s 1.3mag az:110.7° ESE horizon Time uncertainty of about 27 seconds
19h42.1m Jupiter Transit of Great Red Spot Altitude=52° Azimuth=150.3°
19.7h Moon Earthshine
19h52m Occultation of star by (571) Dulcinea Asteroid (571) Dulcinea, 15.9 mag, occults TYC 1919-00163-1, 10.3 mag Duration: 1.5 seconds. Magnitude drop: 5.6 mag. Visibility: Arabia, Europe; (Source: asteroidoccultation.com)
21h13.6m Moon Max. Libration East: Mare Crisium limb is tipped into view (Earth's selenographic longitude: 7.238°, latitude: +6.344°)
22h58m Occultation of star by (366) Vincentina Asteroid (366) Vincentina, 13.9 mag, occults HIP 47598, 8.4 mag Duration: 10.9 seconds. Magnitude drop: 5.5 mag. Visibility: Europe, SW Asia; (Source: asteroidoccultation.com)
23h32m18s Jovian moon mutual pheonomena Europa occults Io partially: Begin of occultation Altitude=43.7° Azimuth=235.6°
26 March
175th Anniversary (1840), 1st Moon Photo Taken by John Draper
In 1994, a picture was released showing the first moon discovered be in orbit around an asteroid.
1h04m48s Jovian moon mutual pheonomena Europa's shadow eclipses Io partially: Begin of penumbral eclipse Altitude=30.9° Azimuth=258.4°
3h13m Occultation of star by (495) Eulalia Asteroid (495) Eulalia, 16.1 mag, occults TYC 6290-02280-1, 8.3 mag Duration: 1.7 seconds. Magnitude drop: 7.8 mag. Visibility: Europe; (Source: asteroidoccultation.com)
3h43m42s ISS Appears 3h43m42s -4.1mag az:158.1° SSE h:62.0° Disappears 3h48m46s 1.1mag az:102.4° ESE horizon Time uncertainty of about 33 seconds
5h19m36s ISS Appears 5h16m18s -1.7mag az:271.7° W h:7.7° Culmination 5h19m36s -3.1mag az:206.6° SSW h:29.0° distance: 763.9km height above Earth: 402.8km elevation of Sun: -6° angular velocity: 0.56°/s at Meridian 5h20m21s -2.6mag az:180.0° S h:25.8°Disappears 5h24m39s 0.7mag az:133.4° SE horizon Time uncertainty of about 33 seconds
14h30.5m Moon Max. Decl. North (declination: +18.239°)
15h54.9m Moon Max. Libration (9.764°)
19.8h Moon Earthshine
21h40m38s Iridium 82 Flare from MMA1 (Right antenna) Magnitude=-4.3mag Azimuth= 22.0° NNE altitude= 7.2° in constellation Cygnus Flare angle=0.27° Flare center line, closest point →MapIt: Longitude=1.417°W Latitude=+53.033° (WGS84) Distance=21.9 km Azimuth=100.2° E Peak Magnitude=-5.2mag Satellite above: longitude=22.6°E latitude=+70.6° height above Earth=790.6 km distance to satellite=2576.4 km Altitude of Sun=-26.1°
27 March
Wilhelm Rontgen's 170th Birthday (1845)
1h29.3m Jupiter Transit of Great Red Spot Altitude=26.6° Azimuth=264.7°
2h13.5m Jupiter-Moon Io Transit Begin (I.Tr.I.; 5.5 mag) Altitude=20.1° Azimuth=273.4°
2h52m32s ISS Appears 2h52m32s -1.3mag az: 99.6° E h:17.3°Disappears 2h55m30s 0.8mag az: 95.4° E horizon Time uncertainty of about 38 seconds
3h14.0m Jupiter-Moon Io Shadow Begin (I.Sh.I.; 5.5 mag) Altitude=11.1° Azimuth=285.1°
4h26m25s ISS Appears 4h25m07s -3.2mag az:251.6° WSW h:26.3°Culmination 4h26m25s -3.6mag az:200.6° SSW h:39.9°distance: 603.5km height above Earth: 403.4km elevation of Sun: -14° angular velocity: 0.71°/s at Meridian 4h26m49s -3.4mag az:180.0° S h:37.9° Disappears 4h31m36s 0.7mag az:122.5° ESE horizon Time uncertainty of about 38 seconds
5h43m13s Iridium 58 Flare from MMA1 (Right antenna) Magnitude=-6.9mag Azimuth= 22.7° NNE altitude= 42.5° in constellation Cassiopeia Flare angle=0.05°Flare center line, closest point →MapIt: Longitude=1.757°W Latitude=+53.069° (WGS84) Distance=1.1 km Azimuth=269.4° W Peak Magnitude=-7.0mag Satellite above: longitude=3.1°E latitude=+59.0° height above Earth=787.1 km distance to satellite=1097.8 km Altitude of Sun=-1.9°Time uncertainty of about 2.2 seconds
7h04.2m Moon Topocentric First Quarter (Altitude=-19.0°, topocentric diameter: 30.289', topocentric airfree declination: 17.15°)
7h42.6m Moon First Quarter (diameter: 30.4392', declination: +18.002°) This is the northernmost first quarter moon of the year. Former more northern first quarter moon was at 8.3.2014. Next more northern first quarter moon is at 15.3.2016 (calculated for the geocenter)
10h40.8m Moon Rise Azimuth= 59.4°, ENE (in constellation Gemini)
14h53.9m Moon Max. Libration North: North Pole and Mare Frigoris are tipped into view (Earth's selenographic longitude: 6.668°, latitude: +6.853°) This is the northernmost total libration of the year. Former more northern total libration was at 15.10.2014. Next more northern total libration is at 14.1.2019 (calculated for the geocenter)
19.1h Moon Close to A24 Geminorum, SAO 95912 (Multiple star system), 1.9mag, Separation=3.06°, Limb separation=2.80° =5.49 lunar dia., Position angle=256.9°, Azimuth az=196.3°, Altitude h=52.4°, RA= 6h38.6m Dec=+16°22.9', Moon phase=54.9%, Sun elevation hsun=-6.0°
20h48m35s Iridium 54 Flare from MMA1 (Right antenna) Magnitude=-3.1mag Azimuth= 76.2° ENE altitude= 46.0° in constellation Canes Venatici Flare angle=0.81° Flare center line, closest point →MapIt: Longitude=2.052°W Latitude=+53.056° (WGS84) Distance=20.9 km Azimuth=266.4° W Peak Magnitude=-7.1mag Satellite above: longitude=7.9°E latitude=+54.1° height above Earth=787.8 km distance to satellite=1043.6 km Altitude of Sun=-19.9°Time uncertainty of about 3.5 seconds
21h20.8m Jupiter Transit of Great Red Spot Altitude=54.3° Azimuth=193.3°
21h43m53s Iridium 98 Flare from MMA1 (Right antenna) Magnitude=-4.9mag Azimuth= 26.6° NNE altitude= 9.8° in constellation Cygnus Flare angle=0.15° Flare center line, closest point →MapIt: Longitude=1.929°W Latitude=+53.088° (WGS84) Distance=12.8 km Azimuth=279.8° W Peak Magnitude=-5.4mag Satellite above: longitude=21.6°E latitude=+68.7° height above Earth=790.4 km distance to satellite=2366.6 km Altitude of Sun=-26.1° This is a spare satellite or its status is unknown. Brightness estimate may be unreliable and flare time accurate to a few seconds. Time uncertainty of about 6 seconds
22h19m Carrington Solar Rotation Begin of Carrington rotation number 2162
22h55.8m Jupiter-Moon Ganymede Occultation Disappearance (III.Oc.D.; 5.1 mag) Altitude=47.1° Azimuth=227.2°
23h32.3m Jupiter-Moon Io Occultation Disappearance (I.Oc.D.; 5.5 mag) Altitude=42.7° Azimuth=237.9°
28 March
In 1949, Fred Hoyle unintentionally coined the term “Big Bang” as a household name, in a scripted radio broadcast on the BBC Third Programme.
1.9h Moon Close to Lam Gem, SAO 96746 (Multiple star system), 3.6mag, Separation=3.64°, Limb separation=3.39° =6.74 lunar dia., Position angle=90.7°, Azimuth az=289.6°, Altitude h=6.1°, RA= 7h19.0m Dec=+16°30.5', Moon phase=57.7%, Sun elevation hsun=-30.2°
3h06.8m Jupiter-Moon Ganymede Eclipse Begin (III.Ec.D.; 5.1 mag) Altitude=11.6° Azimuth=284.5°
3h34m02s ISS Appears 3h34m02s -3.2mag az:143.9° SE h:38.6°Disappears 3h38m26s 0.6mag az:112.8° ESE horizon Time uncertainty of about 0.7 minutes
5h09m08s ISS Appears 5h06m38s -1.9mag az:261.9° W h:9.4°Culmination 5h09m08s -2.5mag az:213.7° SSW h:18.5°distance: 1039.9km height above Earth: 402.3km elevation of Sun: -7° angular velocity: 0.41°/s at Meridian 5h10m37s -1.8mag az:180.0° S h:14.2° Disappears 5h13m54s 0.2mag az:148.5° SSE horizon Time uncertainty of about 0.7 minutes
5h09m46.72s ISS Close to Saturn. Separation=1.184° Position Angle=18.2°, Position angle vertex=7.2°Angular diameter=25.7" size=109.0m x 73.0m x 27.5m Satellite at Azimuth=197.4° SSW Altitude= 17.5° Distance=1076.3 km Magnitude=-2.3mag In a clock-face concept, the satellite will seem to move toward 8:45 Angular Velocity=22.8'/s Centerline, closest point →Map: Longitude= 0°59'11"W Latitude=+53°34'24" (WGS84) Distance=75.18 km Azimuth= 41.4° NE Path direction=131.6° SE ground speed=7.794 km/s width=0.3 km max. duration=0.0 s Sun elevation=-7° Elongation from Sun=122° Time uncertainty of about 0.7 minutes Orbit source: NASA predicted orbit
19h07m01s Iridium 37 Flare from MMA1 (Right antenna) Magnitude=-7.0mag Azimuth=140.1° SE altitude= 67.0° in constellation Lynx Flare angle=0.21° Flare center line, closest point →MapIt: Longitude=1.695°W Latitude=+53.070° (WGS84) Distance=3.1 km Azimuth= 86.7° E Peak Magnitude=-7.6mag Satellite above: longitude=1.0°E latitude=+51.0° height above Earth=787.1 km distance to satellite=846.6 km Altitude of Sun=-5.7° Time uncertainty of about 3.9 seconds
20h42m20s Iridium 83 Flare from MMA1 (Right antenna) Magnitude=-5.2mag Azimuth= 77.6° ENE altitude= 46.4° in constellation Canes Venatici Flare angle=0.39° Flare center line, closest point →MapIt: Longitude=1.599°W Latitude=+53.075° (WGS84) Distance=9.5 km Azimuth= 85.9° E Peak Magnitude=-7.2mag Satellite above: longitude=7.8°E latitude=+53.9° height above Earth=787.8 km distance to satellite=1038.7 km Altitude of Sun=-18.8°Time uncertainty of about 6 seconds
21h42.7m Jupiter-Moon Io Shadow Begin (I.Sh.I.; 5.5 mag) Altitude=53.1° Azimuth=203.2°
23h03m Occultation of star by (505) Cava Asteroid (505) Cava, 13.3 mag, occults 2UCAC 32377234, 12.3 mag Duration: 7.9 seconds. Magnitude drop: 1.4 mag. Visibility: India, SW Asia, Europe; (Source: asteroidoccultation.com)
29 March
In 1974, Mariner 10 took the first close-up pictures of Mercury. It was launched 3 Nov 1973
2h Europe: Begin of Daylight Saving Time
2h43m03s ISS Appears 2h43m03s -0.8mag az:107.3° ESE h:10.5°Disappears 2h45m11s 0.4mag az:104.3° ESE horizon Time uncertainty of about 0.8 minutes
3h07.9m Jupiter Transit of Great Red Spot Altitude=10.8° Azimuth=285.8°
3h51.1m Jupiter-Moon Europa Transit Begin (II.Tr.I.; 6.1 mag) Altitude=4.8° Azimuth=293.9°
4h15m59s ISS Appears 4h15m39s -3.1mag az:219.4° SW h:26.2°Culmination 4h15m59s -3.1mag az:208.0° SSW h:26.7°distance: 810.4km height above Earth: 403.0km elevation of Sun: -14° angular velocity: 0.53°/s at Meridian 4h16m51s -2.7mag az:180.0° S h:23.3° Disappears 4h21m00s 0.2mag az:136.1° SE horizon Time uncertainty of about 0.9 minutes
21h42m14s Iridium 82 Flare from MMA1 (Right antenna) Magnitude=-3.7mag Azimuth= 32.8° NNE altitude= 13.4° in constellation Lyra Flare angle=0.39°Flare center line, closest point →MapIt: Longitude=1.316°W Latitude=+53.037° (WGS84) Distance=28.6 km Azimuth= 97.0° E Peak Magnitude=-5.7mag Satellite above: longitude=20.4°E latitude=+65.2° height above Earth=790.1 km distance to satellite=2114.2 km Altitude of Sun=-25.3°
22h59.4m Jupiter Transit of Great Red Spot Altitude=45.7° Azimuth=231.1°
30 March
In 239, B.C., was the first recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet by Chinese astronomers in the Shih Chi and Wen Hsien Thung Khao chronicles.
3h24m51s ISS Appears 3h24m51s -1.9mag az:141.2° SE h:17.2° Disappears 3h27m57s 0.2mag az:124.9° SE horizon Time uncertainty of about 1 minutes
4h58m30s ISS Appears 4h57m28s -1.9mag az:239.3° WSW h:9.8° Culmination 4h58m30s -1.9mag az:220.6° SW h:11.0° distance: 1389.7km height above Earth: 401.9km elevation of Sun: -8° angular velocity: 0.31°/s at Meridian 5h01m08s -1.0mag az:180.0° S h:5.4°Disappears 5h02m47s -0.2mag az:166.0° SSE horizon Time uncertainty of about 1 minutes
5h25m23s Iridium 91 Flare from MMA1 (Right antenna) Magnitude=-4.2mag Azimuth= 22.0° NNE altitude= 37.9° in constellation Cassiopeia Flare angle=0.52° Flare center line, closest point →MapIt: Longitude=1.924°W Latitude=+53.065° (WGS84) Distance=12.2 km Azimuth=268.3° W Peak Magnitude=-6.9mag Satellite above: longitude=3.8°E latitude=+59.9° height above Earth=787.2 km distance to satellite=1181.7 km Altitude of Sun=-4.0°Time uncertainty of about 1.9 seconds
18h50.9m Jupiter Transit of Great Red Spot Altitude=49.3° Azimuth=139.5°
20h59m54s Jovian moon mutual pheonomena Io's shadow eclipses Europa annularly: Begin of penumbral eclipse Altitude=54.6° Azimuth=189.4°
21h45m09s Iridium 98 Flare from MMA1 (Right antenna) Magnitude=-5.1mag Azimuth= 36.2° NE altitude= 16.0° in constellation Lyra Flare angle=0.22° Flare center line, closest point →MapIt: Longitude=1.974°W Latitude=+53.084° (WGS84) Distance=15.7 km Azimuth=276.3° W Peak Magnitude=-5.8mag Satellite above: longitude=18.9°E latitude=+64.2° height above Earth=789.9 km distance to satellite=1957.6 km Altitude of Sun=-25.3° This is a spare satellite or its status is unknown. Brightness estimate may be unreliable and flare time accurate to a few seconds. Time uncertainty of about 7 seconds
22h00.4m Jupiter-Moon Europa Occultation Disappearance (II.Oc.D.; 6.1 mag) Altitude=51.3° Azimuth=212.8°
31 March
In 1966, Luna 10, the first spacecraft to orbit the moon, was launched by the USSR from an Earth orbiting platform.
1h48m23s Iridium 49 Flare from MMA0 (Front antenna) Magnitude=-4.5mag Azimuth=115.6° ESE altitude= 9.6° in constellation Scutum Flare angle=0.26° Flare center line, closest point →MapIt: Longitude=1.904°W Latitude=+53.445° (WGS84) Distance=43.2 km Azimuth=345.5° NNW Peak Magnitude=-5.4mag Satellite above: longitude=21.6°E latitude=+42.6° height above Earth=783.2 km distance to satellite=2370.1 km Altitude of Sun=-29.4° Time uncertainty of about 2.6 seconds
2h51.2m Moon Immersion of 6 Leo, SAO 117751, 5.1mag, Position angle=85.2°, Azimuth az=272.7°, Altitude h=10.2°, RA= 9h32.8m Dec= +9°38.7', Moon phase=83.7%, Sun elevation hsun=-23.8° (dark limb)
3.5h Moon Close to Subra, Omi Leo, SAO 98709 (Multiple star system), 3.5mag, Separation=2.23°, Limb separation=1.98° =4.03 lunar dia., Position angle=82.7°, Azimuth az=278.4°, Altitude h=6.1°, RA= 9h42.0m Dec= +9°49.1', Moon phase=83.9%, Sun elevation hsun=-19.6°
3h41m Twilight Begin astronomical twilight
3h46.8m Saturn Transit Altitude=+18.0° (in constellation Scorpius) Elongation=125.4° West, Magnitude=0.3mag
4h05m Twilight Sun 15° below horizon
4h05.0m Moon Set Azimuth=287.0°, WNW (in constellation Leo)
4h06m53s ISS Appears 4h06m53s -2.0mag az:183.5° S h:13.3° Disappears 4h10m08s -0.2mag az:151.6° SSE horizon Time uncertainty of about 1 minutes
4h22.2m Jupiter Set Azimuth=301.7°, WNW (in constellation Cancer)
4h27m Twilight Dawn
4h46.6m Jupiter Transit of Great Red Spot Altitude=-3.6° Azimuth=306.9°
4h48m Twilight Sun 9° below horizon
5h09m Twilight Begin civil twilight
5h44.1m Sun Rise Azimuth= 82.2°, E
12h11.2m Sun Transit Altitude=+41.1° (in constellation Pisces)
14h29.4m Venus Transit Altitude=+54.7° (in constellation Aries) Elongation=36.4° East, Magnitude=-4.0mag
14h42.5m Moon Rise Azimuth= 75.5°, ENE (in constellation Leo)
18h39.4m Sun Set Azimuth=278.2°, W
18.7h Venus Magnitude=-4.0mag Best seen from 18.7h -22.2h (htop=30° at W at 18.7h) (in constellation Aries) RA= 2h57m00s Dec=+17°45.4' (J2000) Distance=1.209AU Elongation= 36° Phase k=78% Diameter=13.8"
18.9h Jupiter Magnitude=-2.4mag Best seen from 18.9h - 4.2h (htop=55° at S at 20.6h) (in constellation Cancer) RA= 9h00m53s Dec=+17°59.2' (J2000) Distance=4.752AU Elongation=122° Diameter=41.4"
19h15m Twilight End civil twilight
19.2h Mars Magnitude= 1.4mag Best seen from 19.2h -20.4h (htop=10° at W at 19.2h) (in constellation Aries) RA= 1h51m22s Dec=+11°18.4' (J2000) Distance=2.362AU Elongation= 19° Phase k=98% Diameter=4.0" planetographic latitude of the Earth=-21.2°
19h36m Twilight Sun 9° below horizon
19h57m Twilight Dusk
20h19m Twilight Sun 15° below horizon
20h29.9m Mars Set Azimuth=290.0°, WNW (in constellation Aries)
20h33.1m Jupiter Transit Altitude=+54.9° (in constellation Cancer) Elongation=121.9° East, Magnitude=-2.4mag
20h43m Twilight End astronomical twilight
21h41.3m Moon Transit Altitude=+44.1° (in constellation Leo) Phase k=88.8%
22h15.7m Venus Set Azimuth=301.6°, WNW (in constellation Aries)
23h27.8m Saturn Rise Azimuth=121.9°, ESE (in constellation Scorpius)
23.5h Saturn Magnitude= 0.3mag Best seen from 23.5h - 5.1h (htop=18° at S at 3.7h) (in constellation Scorpius) RA=16h11m38s Dec=-18°55.7' (J2000) Distance=9.347AU Elongation=126° Diameter=17.7" planetocentric latitude of the Earth=24.9°
0h38.1m Jupiter Transit of Great Red Spot Altitude=31.2° Azimuth=258.1°
1h51m30s Iridium 94 Flare from MMA0 (Front antenna) Magnitude=-5.3mag Azimuth=117.8° ESE altitude= 11.4° in constellation Scutum Flare angle=0.06° Flare center line, closest point →MapIt: Longitude=1.683°W Latitude=+52.995° (WGS84) Distance=9.1 km Azimuth=154.9° SSE Peak Magnitude=-5.5mag Satellite above: longitude=19.8°E latitude=+42.4° height above Earth=784.3 km distance to satellite=2237.3 km Altitude of Sun=-28.8° This is a spare satellite or its status is unknown. Brightness estimate may be unreliable and flare time accurate to a few seconds. Time uncertainty of about 1.9 seconds
3h14.1m Jupiter-Moon Callisto Shadow Begin (IV.Sh.I.; 6.2 mag) Altitude=8.2° Azimuth=289.1°
3h38m Twilight Begin astronomical twilight
3h42.7m Saturn Transit Altitude=+18.0° (in constellation Scorpius) Elongation=126.4° West, Magnitude=0.3mag
4h02m Twilight Sun 15° below horizon
4h18.2m Jupiter Set Azimuth=301.7°, WNW (in constellation Cancer)
4h24m Twilight Dawn
4h29.2m Moon Set Azimuth=281.3°, WNW (in constellation Sextans)
4h46m Twilight Sun 9° below horizon
5h07m Twilight Begin civil twilight
5h41.8m Sun Rise Azimuth= 81.5°, E